Earthquakes
Earthquakes can occur anywhere in the world, but major earthquakes tend to happen where tectonic plates meet. Although there are thousands of earthquakes throughout the world each year, only a small proportion cause damage to towns and cities. Earthquakes can cause significant injuries and fatalities. Image: Yamabe Bridge, Chuetsu earthquake, Japan, 2004. Tubbi (GFDL images)
Early warning
There is still no reliable way to predict earthquakes accurately despite 40 years of research, but statistics and geological knowledge can indicate where large earthquakes are likely to occur and what their effects will be. In some countries and regions, such as the UK, scientists have developed over the past twenty years, nationwide systems which enable transmission of early warning signals for impending earthquakes. This has been achieved through sponsorship by government and industry (nuclear, water, oil, mining). A near real-time, 24-hour, seismic monitoring and information service has also been established.
Walker A, UK-wide vibration monitoring by the British Geological Survey Chemical Hazards and Poisons Report January 2008:11;12-15.
Bossu R, Walker A. New tools for alerts and capturing immediate effects of rapid-onset events across Europe Chemical Hazards and Poisons Report April 2009: 14: 35-37.
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Summary of initial health effects from earthquakes
In the event of major natural disasters, such as severe floods, the Health Protection Agency works with local and national agencies including the NHS, police, local government and Environment Agency to provide expert advice on protecting the health of the public.
Added/updated: 24 February 2011 -
Recent major earthquakes
Summary of recent earthquakes, and HPA responses.
Added/updated: 12 December 2011
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